纺织服装学院 徐良平 0430118124
题目:用有限元(Ansys)模拟螺栓的受力变形及应力分布情况,其中模型尺寸如图1所示,图中长度的单位均为inch;材料属性如下:EX=EY=EZ=300e6; PRXY=PRYZ=PRXZ=0.27; GXY=GYZ=GXZ=100e6;所加压力Value=100。具体操作及各操作结果如下所述:
1. 建立模型
(1)Main Menu/Preprocessor/Modeling/Create/Areas/Circle/Solid Circle
在出现上午对话框中输入参数:WP X=0,WP Y=0,Radius=2,点击OK。
(2)Main Menu/Preprocessor/Modeling/Create/Ploygon/Circle/Hexagon在出现上午对话框中输入参数:WP X=0,WP Y=0,Radius=4,Theta=120, 点击OK。
(3)Utillity/Plot Ctrls/Numbering,选KP点成on,点OK。
(4)在命令行输入K,11,4,0,2回车,又输入K,12,2,0,20回车。
(5)Utility/Plot/Areas
(6)在命令行输入L,5,11回车,确定一条直线。
(7) Main Menu/Preprocessor/Modeling/Operate/Extrude/Areas/Along Line点击图形,点Apply,点直线,点OK。
(8)在命令行输入L,7,12回车,确定一条直线。
(9) Main Menu/Preprocessor/Modeling/Operate/Extrude/Areas/Along Line点击图形,点Apply,点直线,点OK。
(10)Save DB 最终建立模型如图1所示:
图1 模型图
2. 定义材料属性
(1)Main Menu/Preference,点Structural,点OK。
(2)Main Menu/Preprocessor/Element Type/(Add/Edit/Delete)/Add
在出现的对话框中分别选择Structural Solid和Brick 8node 45,点击OK,点击Close。
(3)Main Menu/Preprocessor/Material/Props/Constant/Orthotropic
在对话框中填1,点击OK。在后面弹出的对话框中输入参数EX=EY=EZ=300e6;PRXY=PRYZ=PRXZ=0.27;GXY=GYZ=GXZ=100e6;点击OK。
(4)Save DB
3. 划分网格
(1)Main Menu/Preprocessor/Meshing/Mesh/Volumes/Free选择整个图形,点击OK。
(2)Save DB。
4. 施加约束和载荷
(1)Main Menu/Solution/Loads/Apply/Structural/Displacement/On Areas选择图形1的下表面,点击OK。在随后出现的对话框中选择All Dof,点击OK。
(2)Main Menu/Solution/Loads/Apply/Pressure/On Areas选择图形1的上表面,点击OK。在随后出现的对话框内输入载荷值Value=100,点击OK。
(3)Save DB
施加约束与载荷后如图2所示:
图2 施加载荷后的图形
5. 求解
(1)Main Menu/Solution/Current LS
(2)Save DB
6. 结果绘图和列表
(1)变形图:Main Menu/General Postprocessor/Plot results/Deformed shape
模型受力后的变形如图3所示:
图3 变形图
(2) 应力等值线:Main Menu/General Postprocessor/Plot results/Contour Plot nodal solution
模型受力后的应力分布状况如图4所示:
图4 应力云图
本题目具体的命令流如下:
/BATCH
/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 5.6.1 UP20000209 00:00:38 07/03/2005
/input,menust,tmp ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1
/GRA,POWER
/GST,ON
!*
/NOPR
/PMETH,OFF,0
KEYW,PR_SET,1
KEYW,PR_STRUC,1
KEYW,PR_THERM,0
KEYW,PR_FLUID,0
KEYW,PR_MULTI,0
/GO
!*
/COM,
/COM,Preferences for GUI filtering have been set to display:
/COM, Structural
/PREP7
RPR4,6,0,0,4,120
CYL4,0,0,2
/PNUM,KP,1
/PNUM,LINE,0
/PNUM,AREA,0
/PNUM,VOLU,0
/PNUM,NODE,0
/PNUM,TABN,0
/PNUM,SVAL,0
/NUMBER,0
!*
/PNUM,ELEM,0
/REPLOT
!*
k,11,4,0,2
k,12,2,0,20
APLOT
l,5,11
/ANG, 1 ,-30.000000,XS,1
/REP,FAST
l,7,12
/ANG, 1 ,30.000000,YS,1
/REP,FAST
l,7,12
VDRAG, 2, , , , , , 12
l,5,11
VDRAG, 1, , , , , , 11
FLST,2,2,6,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,1
FITEM,2,-2
VADD,P51X
!*
ET,1,SOLID45
!*
!*
UIMP,1,EX,EY,EZ,300000000,300000000,300000000,
UIMP,1,PRXY,PRYZ,PRXZ,0.27,0.27,0.27,
UIMP,1,NUXY,NUYZ,NUXZ,,,,
UIMP,1,GXY,GYZ,GXZ,100000000,100000000,100000000,
UIMP,1,ALPX,ALPY,ALPZ,,,,
UIMP,1,REFT, , , ,
UIMP,1,MU, , , ,
UIMP,1,DAMP, , , ,
UIMP,1,DENS, , , ,
!*
FINISH
/SOLU
/ANG, 1 ,-30.000000,XS,1
/REP,FAST
FLST,2,1,5,ORDE,1
FITEM,2,7
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,ALL,
/ANG, 1 ,30.000000,XS,1
/REP,FAST
FINISH
/PREP7
/ANG, 1 ,30.000000,YS,1
/REP,FAST
FLST,2,2,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,2
FITEM,2,19
AADD,P51X
FINISH
/SOLU
FLST,2,1,5,ORDE,1
FITEM,2,1
/GO
!*
SFA,P51X,1,PRES,100
/ANG, 1 ,30.000000,YS,1
/REP,FAST
FINISH
/PREP7
MSHKEY,0
MSHAPE,1,3d
MSHKEY,0
MSHAPE,1,3d
CM,_Y,VOLU
VSEL, , , , 3
CM,_Y1,VOLU
CHKMSH,'VOLU'
CMSEL,S,_Y
!*
VMESH,_Y1
!*
CMDELE,_Y
CMDELE,_Y1
CMDELE,_Y2
!*
FINISH
/SOLU
SAVE
/STATUS,SOLU
SOLVE
FINISH
/POST1
/EFACE,1
AVPRIN,0,0,
!*
PLNSOL,U,X,0,1
PLDISP,0
PLNSOL,U,X
!*
ANCNTR,10,0.5
/ANG, 1 ,-30.000000,YS,1
/REP,FAST
FINISH
! /EXIT,NOSAV